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Neck Anatomy
Longissimus Capitis
O: transverse processes of about T2 thru about C5
I: Mastoid process of the temporal bone
A: rotates, extends, and laterally flexes the head
Spinalis Cervicis
O: spinous process of C7 and ligamentum nuchae
I: spinous processes of C2 – C4
A: extends the vertebrae and laterally flexes the head
Spinalis Capitis
O: transverse processes of C7 – T6
I: between the superior and inferior nuchal ones of the occiput
A: Extends the head
Rectus Capitis Posterior Major
O: Spinous process of C2
I: inferior nuchal line of the occiput
A: extend and rotate the head
Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor
O: the tubercle on the posterior arch of C1, the atlas
I: medial aspect of the inferior nuchal line of the occiput
A: extends the head
Obliquus Capitis Superior
O: superior aspect of the transverse process of the atlas (C1)
I: lateral 1/2 of the inferior nuchal line of the occiput
A: extends and laterally flexes the head
Use “back muscle deep group copy”
Obliquus Capitis Inferior
O: spinous process of the axis (C2)
I: lower posterior aspect of the transverse process of the atlas (C1)
A: rotation of the head and atlas
Anterior Scalene
O: Transverse Processes of C3 through C6
I: 1st Rib
A: Lateral flexion of head and neck, mild opposite side rotation of the neck, and elevation of the 1st rib
during forced inhalation
Middle Scalene
O: Transverse Processes of C2 through C7
I: 1st Rib
A: Lateral flexion of head and neck and elevation of the 1st rib during forced inhalation
Posterior Scalene
O: Transverse Processes of C5 through C7
I: 2nd Rib
A: Lateral flexion of head and neck, mild same side rotation of the neck, and elevation of the 2nd rib
during forced inhalation
Sternocleidomastoid
O: Manubrium of the Sternum and the medial 1/3 of the clavicle
I: Mastoid process of the Temporal bone
A: Extension, mild same side lateral flexion, and opposite side rotation of the neck and head
Digastric
O: Posterior belly – Mastoid Process
Anterior belly – Inferior Border of Mandible
I: Intermediate tendon attached to Hyoid Bone
A: Posterior belly – raises hyoid
Anterior belly – depresses mandible
